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| 恩里科·卡鲁索(Enrico Caruso 1873-1921) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 卡鲁索 圣洁的阿依达 全程头腔哨音 莫纳科 帕瓦罗蒂的偶像 录音史以来最好版本 威尔第歌剧选 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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音乐历史上的今天
1921年8月2日，无与伦比的男高音恩里科.卡鲁索在那不勒斯去世，享年48岁。他曾说过，一名出色的表演家，“是一个大的胸腔，一张大嘴，百分之九十的记忆力，百分之十的智慧，许多辛勤的努力和心中的一点感情。” |
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| 恩里科·卡鲁索(Enrico Caruso )在书房欣赏自己为自己所画漫画 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 恩里科·卡鲁索介绍 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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恩里科·卡鲁索(1873年2月25日-
1921年8月2日)是意大利歌剧演唱家，也是历史上最著名的男高音之一。卡鲁索也是20世纪头20年里任何流派中最受欢迎的歌手，也是录制音乐的先驱之一。卡鲁索的流行唱片和他非凡的声音，以其范围、力量和美丽而闻名，使他成为他那个时代最著名的明星之一。 在他的职业生涯中，恩里科·卡鲁索录制了将近260张唱片，他的每分钟78转的唱片卖了几百万美元。尽管卡鲁索曾在世界上许多大歌剧院演唱，包括米兰的斯卡拉歌剧院和伦敦的考文特花园歌剧院，但他最出名的还是在纽约大都会歌剧院担任男主唱长达17年之久。指挥家托斯卡尼尼(Arturo Toscanini)曾指挥过卡鲁索在大都会歌剧院演唱的一些歌剧，他认为卡鲁索是与他共事过的最伟大的艺术家之一。 1873年2月26日，卡鲁索在圣乔瓦尼保罗教堂接受洗礼，一天前他出生在意大利的那不勒斯。1894年，他在那不勒斯开始了自己的职业生涯。1898年11月17日，在米兰的利里科剧院(Teatro Lirico)，他创造的第一个主要角色是身穿佐丹奴浅顶软呢帽的罗瑞丝(Loris)。1902年11月6日，在同一家剧院，他在西里亚剧院的《阿德里亚娜·勒库维尔》中创造了莫里齐奥这个角色。 1903年，在他的经纪人银行家西蒙内利(Pasquale Simonelli)的帮助下，他去了纽约。同年11月23日，他在大都会歌剧院(Metropolitan Opera)首次演出威尔第的《里戈莱托》(Rigoletto)，扮演曼图亚公爵(Duke of Mantua)。第二年，卡鲁索开始了与维克多语音机器公司的终生合作;他与大都会和维克多的明星关系一直持续到1920年。卡鲁索亲自委托蒂芙尼公司(Tiffany & Co.)生产一款24节的电动车。金牌与他的侧面，作为纪念品(PER RICORDO)，他的朋友，他的大都会表演。 卡鲁索是第一个录制了大量唱片的歌手。在20世纪的前20年里，他和唱片唱片相互促进了彼此的发展。他在1902年录制的《Vesti la giubba》来自Leoncavallo的《Pagliacci》，这是世界上第一张销售了100万张的留声机唱片。许多卡鲁索的唱片自一个世纪前发行以来一直在印刷。 1910年12月10日，他在纽约大都会歌剧院的普契尼的《西部的幻想》的全球首映式上饰演迪克·约翰逊。他在大都会的最后一次演出是在1920年12月24日哈雷维的La Juive中扮演Eleazar。 卡鲁索死于1921年，死因被认为是胸膜炎的并发症，很显然，他没有及时得到诊断，从而挽救了他的生命。他是48。他被葬在那不勒斯。 1951年，马里奥·兰扎在一部高度虚构的好莱坞电影《伟大的卡鲁索》中饰演了卡鲁索一角。 1987年，他被追授格莱美终身成就奖。 |
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| 恩里科·卡鲁索(Enrico Caruso )的舞台形象 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 恩里科·卡鲁索(Enrico Caruso ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 恩里科·卡鲁索(Enrico Caruso )天才艺术家，天生演员气质，让很多大师崇拜不已。1897年，普契尼为《艺术家的生涯》演出面试演员时，试听卡鲁索之后，作曲家惊讶地说“是谁派你来的？难道是上帝吗？”是年，卡鲁索在里沃那初演《艺术家的生涯》时，爱上了饰唱咪咪的、已婚的女高音阿达·贾凯蒂，俩人同居，生有两子。不过，卡鲁索婚姻生活并不愉快，阿达·贾凯蒂和妹妹里娜·贾凯蒂同是大美人，麻烦的是，卡鲁索同时爱上了她俩人，感情纠缠不清。11年后，阿达·贾凯蒂带两个儿子离家出走，使得卡鲁索一生内疚。 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Enrico Caruso was a talented artist, a natural actor, and admired by many masters.In 1897, when Puccini was interviewing actors for a performance in The Artist's Life, after listening to Caruso, the composer said in surprise, "Who sent you?Is it God?"In that year, while caruso was making his debut in Livona in An Artist's Life, he fell in love with Ada Giachetti, a married soprano who played Mimi. They lived together and had two children.But caruso's marriage was unhappy. Ada Giachetti and her sister Rina were both great beauties. The trouble was that Caruso fell in love with both of them.Eleven years later, Ada Giachetti and his two sons left home, leaving Caruso with a life of guilt. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 关于恩里科·卡鲁索(Enrico Caruso )的漫画铺天盖地，这一幅漫画比较形象的反映了卡鲁索的性格 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Enrico Caruso's character is reflected in this cartoon, which has been widely published | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 卡鲁索生前情书在意大利公开展出 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2010年，一代男高音歌唱家卡鲁索生前情书将在《罗密欧与朱丽叶》故事的诞生地——意大利古城维罗那公开展出。被展出的情书多达1200封，卡鲁索生前用过的各类支票和其他记载他生活细节的相关资料也将亮相。 据维罗那律师阿尔伯特·弗朗西说，他的委托人是意大利北部的一位较年长的实业家，其外祖父生前叮嘱他在去世后才能将遗物公之于世。尽管遗物中的信件是匿名的，但经过笔迹专家的鉴定，认为这些信件必定出自20世纪意大利著名男高音歌唱家恩里科·卡鲁索之手。 曾经塑造了无数令人难忘的歌剧角色的卡鲁索的一生也正如他演出过的歌剧一样，充满了传奇性：1873年，他出生在拿波里的一个贫穷家庭。10岁那年，他离开学校，开始在酒吧和咖啡馆演唱。1894年起，他开始在歌剧院登台演出以赚取微薄的收入。三年后的一个夏天，在指挥家文森佐·伦巴第的建议下，他与指挥家一同前往位于利沃诺的突斯坎港演出，在这个深海渔港城市，他邂逅了女高音歌唱家阿达·嘉琪蒂，一位已婚母亲，开始了他一生中的第一次浪漫之旅。 这些情书忠实地记录了卡鲁索与阿达长达11年的恋情，包括在锡耶纳别墅中发生的许多日常琐事。透过这些旧信札，读者不难读出卡鲁索是怎样在美好的希冀与现实带来的痛苦中反反复复挣扎的。“他（指卡鲁索）与阿达的关系已经发展到了极点，”弗朗西说道：“她常常背叛他，但他却疯狂地迷恋她。”的确，阿达早已与丈夫分居，但却从未打算与卡鲁索结婚，尽管她为后者生了两个私生子。在一次航行途中，卡鲁索似乎已经预感到这段漫长而无望的恋情的结局：“我的阿达，我已经感到我很快就会失去你……” 在写给阿达的一封信中，卡鲁索提到了他出演的列昂卡瓦洛歌剧《丑角》中的主角卡尼奥，在这部戏中，卡尼奥坚信自己被妻子内达欺骗了。卡鲁索在信中说道，当自己演唱著名的场景《笑吧，丑角》时，竟因触景生情，不由自主地流下了伤心的眼泪。内达是虚构的人物，而现实生活中的阿达却是个十分不忠的女子，她与卡鲁索的私人司机姘居并与他私奔，他们甚至还向可怜的歌唱家勒索钱财，阿达最终因此被判监禁3个月。 直到1918年卡鲁索遇到比他年轻20岁的美国女子多丽丝·本杰明后，才开始享受真爱的幸福。 临终前，深受病魔折磨的卡鲁索对年轻的夫人说：“多丽丝，带我去寻找太阳！”尽管这不是他生命的最后遗言，但却是唯美情结的一代歌王留给世人的最动人、最美丽的语句。他心中的太阳，是否是他青年时代所希冀的阿达的幻影？ |
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Today in the
history of music On August 2, 1921, the incomparable Tenor Enrico Caruso died in Naples at age 48.A good performer, he once said, "is a big chest, a big mouth, ninety percent of memory, ten percent of wisdom, a lot of hard work and a little affection in the heart." Enrico Caruso (1873-1921) Italian tenor.Born in Naples on February 27, 1873, died in the same city on August 2, 1921.He sang in church as a child and was a famous singer in the city.The late teachers Were G. Verguiney and V. Lombardi.Its debut in Naples in 1894 was not a success.In particular, he was determined never to perform in the city after being snubbed in 1901 at the SAN Carlo Theatre.He became famous for his performance of G. Puccini's The Bohemian with N. Melba at Monte Carlo in 1902 and g. Wildy's The Fool at The Opera House in Covent Garden in England the same year.Also has been to Spain, Germany, Austria, France, South America and other places to perform.1902 It was performed at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City until 1920.He played 36 roles in more than 600 performances in the theatre.He rarely returned to Italy, but took part in two benefit shows in 1914 at the Costanzi Theatre in Rome and 1915 at the Verme Theatre in Milan, where he played Canio in The Harlequin. Caruso's early high-pitched areas were not at ease, and he sometimes had to use falsetto or shift the score;But it also led him to develop an excellent half voice, which, along with his slightly baritone timbre, set it apart from other tenors.His voice is rich and brilliant, lyric-forced tenor, both the general tenor beautiful and melodious qualities, but also can sing a fierce dramatic passion.In his heyday, his thundering voice of extraordinary power, combined with superb breath control and a brilliant half-voice from his early years, made him at ease singing such melodramatic Ladames in Aida and Nemorino in The Panacea of Love.When Canio breaks down in tears in "Harlequin", or when a calm and graceful duet is sung in the dungeons in the final scene of "Aida", it can strike a deep chord in the audience.He was once asked what a great singer needed, and he replied, "A full chest, a big mouth, ninety percent of memory, ten percent of intellect, a lot of hard work and something in the heart."He was affectionate, humorous, frank, warm and generous.He sang earnestly and tried to give his all to the audience.To do otherwise, he thought, was a betrayal of art. Caruso acted in more than 50 operas during his lifetime.He is very accomplished in singing art songs and Neapolitan folk songs, and his achievements in singing have an important influence on the development of the world vocal art.He was the first Italian tenor to record more than 250 records and is regarded as the outstanding tenor in the history of vocal music.Caruso was the first member of the Bel Canto school to rise up and abolish the convention.He refused to succumb to the traditional way of singing that made the words her slave. He sang about the meaning of the words themselves, expressing their feelings and meaning.He listened to the dictates of his heart more than the influence of skill, and his feelings were the only teacher of his singing. The human voice is expressed by colors such as happiness, sorrow and happiness in the world, which cannot be expressed by the pronunciation of an instrument.Caruso's magic was the pathos of the world, and his song penetrated to the hearts of all who were fortunate enough to hear it.Contemporary tenor Luciano Pavarotti summed up his assessment of Caruso, saying: "Caruso is indeed a role model, all tenors should look to him as a teacher.His voice is second to none.He maintained a clear, rounded tone.Not only that, but his extraordinary phratics and incredible musical passion gave him access to the true meaning of music more than anyone else, and no one else." Caruso died on August 2, 1921, in Sorrento at the age of 48. Today's video: 1. Caruso's Selection of Verdi operas (the best version ever recorded);2. [Documentary] Voice of the Century -- Tenor Enrico Caruso. |
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| 乔纳森恩里科·卡鲁索（意大利语：Enrico Caruso，1873年2月25日－1921年8月2日），意大利著名男高音歌唱家，被认为是有史以来最著名的男高音。不单在歌剧方面发展，卡鲁索在20世纪头两个年代还演唱当时的流行曲，而且还是那个年代的录音先锋。卡鲁索有力、宽厚和优美的声线，通过他的录音传遍大西洋两岸，成为当年最著名的明星，因此被誉为“一代歌王” | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Enrico Caruso (Enrico Caruso, 25 February 1873 -- 2 August 1921) was an Italian tenor, widely regarded as the most famous tenor of all time.Not only developed in opera, Caruso also sang popular songs in the first two decades of the 20th century and was a recording pioneer in that era.Caruso's powerful, generous and beautiful voice, through his recordings spread across both sides of the Atlantic, became the most famous star of the year, so as to be known as the "generation king." | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 2014年11月6日，一张由维纳·委拉斯开兹(Vina Velasquez)亲笔签名、写给意大利男高音恩里科·卡鲁索(Enrico Caruso)的明信片在伦敦克里斯蒂拍卖行拍摄 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A postcard written to Italian tenor Enrico Caruso and signed by Vina Velasquez is pictured at Christie's auction house in London, on November 6, 2014 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 歌剧传奇恩里克·卡鲁索的情书曝光 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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伦敦(法新社)——意大利伟大男高音恩里科·卡鲁索的情书日前在伦敦拍卖前被公开，这些情书揭示了他复杂的爱情生活。 这些信件是一系列私人信件中的一部分，11月19日的拍卖价格预计将达到25万英镑(合40万美元或32万欧元)。 这些文件的日期分别是1897年至1908年和1912年至1921年，其中包括700多封来自这位巨星的信件和电报。这位巨星是有史以来最优秀的歌剧演唱家之一。 这些档案包括直到1921年他48岁时去世为止的资料，包括22封信件和明信片、7封电报以及他的神秘阿根廷情人维纳·贝拉斯克斯的照片。 她的书信用意大利语、西班牙语和法语写就，有时还会在同一封信中同时使用这三种语言。 “小维纳在你可爱的嘴唇上吻了一千次，她丰满的嘴唇到处都是。我希望你们都为我而活，”她在一封邮件中写道。 据《华盛顿时报》1912年7月28日的一篇文章称，委拉斯开兹“相当粗壮，具有一种独特的西班牙美，令人赏心悦目，但并不出众”——这一描述与卡鲁索档案中的照片相符。 这篇刊登在《巴黎日期》上的文章宣布了他们订婚的消息，但两人从未结婚。 佳士得拍卖行图书和手稿部主管托马斯·文宁告诉法新社:“在这段时间里，他似乎经常陷入这样的情况:他向别人求婚了，或者他们以为他向他们求婚了，但后来他没有继续结婚。” “他至少有两次被起诉，因为他向别人求婚，但他没有结婚。” -爱情生活主宰着信件 大部分委拉斯开兹的信件都贴有法国邮票，文章说她住在巴黎凯旋门附近。 它说她是卡鲁索已故朋友De Taz先生的女儿，但没有说她的年龄。 委拉斯开兹在一封信中写道:“我亲爱的，我的宝贝，现在已经是晚上11点了，不给你写信我就睡不着觉。” 在另一张照片中，她批评了意大利女高音阿达·贾凯蒂。贾凯蒂和卡鲁索在一起的11年里生了4个孩子。 只有两个孩子存活了下来，他没有和他们保持联系。 此外，卡鲁索还收到了他们写给贾凯蒂和妹妹丽娜的信件。卡鲁索与丽娜有过长达四年的婚外情。 卡鲁索最终嫁给了美国社交名媛多萝西·帕克·本杰明，并育有一女。 但他选择将他与住在波士顿的朋友兼早期赞助人Antonino Perrone fu Antonio的通信留下，可能是因为它的丑闻性质。 “信件中的很多内容都是关于他和不同女人的关系，”文宁说。 -无法解释自己的声音- 卡鲁索的职业生涯正好赶上留声机唱片的诞生和流行，留声机唱片给他带来了前所未有的全球名声。 他在世界上最大的歌剧院演出，从欧洲到北美和南美，包括在纽约大都会歌剧院的许多季节。 但是他在给贾凯蒂的信中透露了赛前的紧张情绪，包括对孩子和他们的房子的激情声明和家庭问题。 他描述了1900年的“里戈莱托”是如何“把我吓得要死”，而有时他的声音却与他自己的解释相悖。 “我自己也无法解释我唱歌的方式。我很平静，我的声音稳定，非常自然，我唱歌就好像我在说话，”他在1903年写道。 他记录了自己1897年在米兰的处子秀:“取得了各种各样的胜利……整个剧院的人都鼓起掌来。简而言之，我的未来有保障了。” |
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London
(AFP) - The passionate love letters of the great Italian tenor
Enrico Caruso, which shed light on his complicated love life,
have been revealed ahead of an auction in London. The letters are among an archive of personal correspondence which is expected to fetch up to £250,000 ($400,000, 320,000 euros) when it goes under the hammer on November 19. The papers date from 1897-1908 and 1912-1921 and contain more than 700 letters and telegrams to and from the star, one of the finest opera singers of all time. Including material right up to his death in 1921 at the age of 48, the archive comprises 22 letters and postcards, seven telegrams and cache of photographs of his mysterious Argentinian lover Vina Velasquez. Her correspondence is written in Italian, Spanish and French, and sometimes all three in the same letter. "A thousand strong kisses on your beloved mouth from little Vina, who is putting her voluptuous lips everywhere. I want you all for me," she wrote in one. According to an article in The Washington Times from July 28, 1912, Velasquez was "rather stout, and has a peculiar type of Spanish beauty, pleasing but not extraordinary" -- a description matching the pictures in Caruso's archive. The article, datelined Paris, announced their engagement, but the pair never married. "At this period he seemed to constantly get into situations where he had proposed to people, or they thought he had proposed them, but then he didn't go (ahead) with the marriage," Thomas Venning, the head of the books and manuscripts department at Christie's, told AFP. "There were at least two occasions in which he was sued because he had proposed marriage and he didn't marry." - Love life dominates letters - Most of the Velasquez letters have French stamps on and the article said she lived near the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. It said she was the daughter of a late friend of Caruso's, a Mr De Taz, but does not say how old she was. "My darling, my treasure, it is 11 o'clock at night and I cannot sleep without writing to you," Velasquez writes in one letter. In another she is critical of Italian soprano Ada Giachetti, who bore Caruso four children during their 11 years together. Only two children survived infancy and he did not maintain contact with them. Letters to Giachetti and her sister Rina -- with whom Caruso had an affair lasting four years -- are also in the archive. Caruso eventually married the US socialite Dorothy Park Benjamin, with whom he had a daughter. But he chose to leave his correspondence with his friend and early patron Antonino Perrone fu Antonio, who lived in Boston, likely because of its scandalous nature. "A lot of the content of the correspondence was about his relationships with different women," said Venning. - Cannot explain his own voice - Caruso's career coincided with the birth and popularity of phonograph records, which gave him a global fame that no opera star had enjoyed before. He performed in the world's greatest opera houses, from Europe to North and South America, including many seasons at the Metropolitan in New York. But his letters to Ada Giachetti reveal early bouts of pre-performance nerves among the passionate declarations and domestic concerns about the children and their house. He describes how "Rigoletto" in 1900 "scares me to death", while sometimes his voice defies his own explanation. "I myself cannot explain the way in which I sang. I was calm, my voice steady, a great spontaneity, and I sang as if I was speaking," he wrote in 1903. He records his critical 1897 Milan debut as "victory achieved in every way... the whole theatre rose in applause... in short, my future is secured". |
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意大利男高音恩里科·卡鲁索(Enrico
Caruso)最后一次在Met演出是1920年12月8日，唱《丑角》。12月11日，Met在纽约市布鲁克林音乐学院上演的《爱的甘醇》则是卡鲁索的告别演出。这是一次动人的演出，第一幕时，卡鲁索的喉咙血管破裂，鲜血不断地从口中流出，手帕一条一条染红，他仍然坚持唱下去……一代歌王终于倒下去了。
恩里科·卡鲁索的遗体被安葬在意大利那不勒斯的维奥维奥酒店，他的去世使整个意大利陷入哀悼之中，葬礼仪式也像往常一样举行. |
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Italian tenor Enrico Caruso's last performance at
Met was on December 8, 1920, singing "Clowns."On
December 11th the Met performed caruso's farewell performance in
"Amour" at the Brooklyn Academy of Music in New York City.It
was a touching performance. In the first act, caruso's throat
ruptured, blood was pouring from his mouth, his handkerchief was
dyed red, and he kept on singing...A
generation of singers finally fell down. Body of Enrico Caruso Lying in state in the Hotel Veauvio,Naples, Italy, His death threw all Italy in mourning, and the funeral ceremonies were those ususlly accorded to royalty Greatest tenor alnger that the world has Known,Born at Naples,Itnly,1873;died at Naples,Aug,2 1921 |
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| 【纪录片]【世纪的声音】男高音歌唱家恩里科·卡鲁索 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| [Documentary] [Voice of the Century] Tenor Enrico Caruso | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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