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                      莫扎特之旅-文化交流-音乐历史上的今天                    
                     
 
 
                   
                     

                   
                     
 
 

 
 

                                    田润德 编译 文/图 2020-07-05  19:36

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  保罗·本·海姆(Paul Ben-Haim 1897 - 1984)      
         
 

拉哈夫·沙尼指挥以色列爱乐乐团演绎保罗·本·海姆《无词三歌》

(在视频第15分钟处)

     
  拉哈夫·沙尼&以色列爱乐乐团演绎保罗·本·海姆和贝多芬作品
以色列爱乐乐团以色列爱乐乐团
拉哈夫·沙尼|乐队指挥
丹妮拉·斯科尔卡|女高音
程序
谢尔盖·普罗科菲耶夫,D大调第一交响曲,作品25,“古典”
保罗·本哈伊姆,《无词三歌》
路德维希·范·贝多芬,A大调第七交响曲,作品92
     
  Israel Philharmonic Orchestra 以色列爱乐乐团
 Lahav Shani | Conductor
 Daniela Skorka | Soprano
 
 Program
 Sergei Prokofiev, Symphony No. 1 in D Major, Op. 25, "Classical"
 Paul Ben-Haim, Three Songs Without Words
 Ludwig van Beethoven, Symphony No. 7 in A Major, Op. 92
     
 
     
  音乐历史上的今天

1897年7月5日,以色列著名作曲家保罗·本·海姆(Paul Ben-Haim)在慕尼黑出生,拥有一个不那么悦耳的姓氏“弗兰肯伯格”(Frankenburger)。

保罗·本·海姆(Paul Ben-Haim)出生:1897年7月5日-德国慕尼黑,去世:1984年1月14日-以色列特拉维夫)是一位出生于德国的以色列著名作曲家和教师,是东地中海音乐学派的领袖,他将东西方音乐的方法结合在一起,创作出了非常出色的作品。保罗本哈伊姆于19世纪末在慕尼黑出生,本名保罗弗兰肯伯格(Paul Frankenburger),是德国著名法学教授弗兰肯伯格(Frankenburger)的家人。1915年至1920年,他在慕尼黑艺术学院与弗里德里希·克洛泽和沃尔特·库尔瓦锡学习作曲,与贝特霍尔德·凯勒曼学习指挥和钢琴。1920年至1924年,他在慕尼黑歌剧院担任布鲁诺·沃尔特和汉斯·布施的助理指挥,1924年至1931年,他还担任奥格斯堡歌剧院的指挥。1931年回到慕尼黑,他致力于作曲。那一年,他凭借一首为女高音和管弦乐队创作的音调诗《潘》在德国音乐界崭露头角 ;基于圣经文本的清唱剧《约兰》;和他的协奏曲格罗索。

1933年纳粹掌权后,这位作曲家移居巴勒斯坦,并在那里将姓氏从弗兰肯伯格改为本哈伊姆。他为民谣歌手伴奏和编曲,这次经历给他的作曲风格带来了中东音乐的影响。1937年,他创作了一个弦乐四重奏,综合了欧洲和地中海东部的音乐,1939年,他为室内乐三重奏创作了巴勒斯坦曲子变奏曲。1941年,他写了一首特别受欢迎的五重奏,这可以说是完善了他最初的努力,将他所接受的祖国的音乐与他所接受的欧洲传统融合在一起。保罗·本·海姆的第一首交响乐完成于1940年法国被纳粹占领的那一天,这部作品可以说是表达了创作它的那段悲惨而紧张的历史时期。此外,本哈伊姆的第一部交响乐是在巴勒斯坦创作的第一部真正的交响乐。他的第二交响曲创作于1945年,回到了20世纪30年代末的田园地中海情调。这两首交响乐都是由巴勒斯坦交响乐团首次演奏的。                    

保罗·本·哈伊姆是一群巴勒斯坦音乐家的领袖,他们中的许多人是欧洲移民,他们发展了东西方音乐传统的融合。这群人在第二次世界大战期间被孤立,其中许多人在欧洲音乐学院和学院接受过全面的训练,他们研究中东音乐,并将其旋律和节奏特征融入到西方音乐中。本哈伊姆发展了一种记录中东民族音乐复杂节奏和旋律的方法,这促进了这些传统在现代以色列的融合。
1953年,指挥家谢尔盖·库塞维茨基想出了举办“大卫王节”的主意,以纪念耶路撒冷成立3000周年。谢尔盖·库塞维茨基在音乐节委托的作品全部完成之前就去世了,但是 库塞维茨基基金会委托本哈伊姆完成了《以色列的甜蜜诗篇家》,这是一部成功地综合了东西方音乐元素的协奏曲风格的管弦乐作品。他在1957年获得了以色列国家奖。1959年,伦纳德·伯恩斯坦(Leonard Bernstein)在纽约指挥了这首曲子,此后它一直是本·哈伊姆(Ben-Haim)最受推崇的作品之一。
保罗·本·哈伊姆是耶路撒冷音乐学院的院长(1949-1954)。他还在特拉维夫和耶路撒冷的音乐学院担任作曲教授,除了在东地中海作曲家学校的领导之外,这些职位使他成为以色列音乐生活中的重要人物。在实践方面,他对以色列音乐教育的发展产生了影响,他还帮助在他的新国家成立了音乐家联盟。他曾多次被授予特拉维夫市的乔尔·恩格尔奖。1972年的一场车祸使他的创作过早地结束了。他一直活跃在以色列的音乐生活中,直到1984年在特拉维夫去世,享年86岁。
虽然被一些批评家认为是新古典主义和晚期浪漫主义的其他人,没有分歧的高专业标准的保罗本哈伊姆的工作。也许是由于对以色列这个新国家的认同,一些批评家把他的交响曲归入了晚期的浪漫主义民族主义传统,或者是包括欧洲作曲家西贝柳斯和威廉·沃尔顿在内的民族风格。然而,为英国小提琴家耶胡迪·梅纽因(Yehudi Menuhin)创作的《小提琴独奏奏鸣曲》(Sonata for Solo Violin)是一首典型作品,它融合了传统的欧洲古典元素和中东音乐的低音和霍拉(hora)节奏。东方的民间音乐元素在他的声乐作品中表现得最为明显,歌曲和诗篇可能是他最抒情的作品。三首无词的歌曲,为高音发声和钢琴,是他最受欢迎的作品之一。
今日视频:1、拉哈夫·沙尼指挥以色列爱乐乐团演绎保罗·本·海姆《无词三歌》;2、 英国广播公司交响乐团演奏保罗·本·海姆/第一交响曲,欧梅·威尔伯指挥
3、特里福诺夫演奏保罗·本·海姆《五首钢琴小品》

 
 
 
 
 
   
  年轻的作曲家保罗·本·海姆(Paul Ben-Haim )      
   Today in the history of music
On July 5, 1897, the famous Israeli composer Paul Ben-Haim was born in Munich with the less pleasing surname Frankenburger.
Paul Ben-Haim (born July 5, 1897 - Munich, Germany died January 14, 1984 - Tel Aviv, Israel) is an Israeli composer.Paul Ben-Haim, a german-born Israeli composer and teacher, is the leader of the Eastern Mediterranean school of music. He combined the methods of eastern and Western music to create excellent works.Paul Ben-Haim was born Paul Frankenburger in Munich at the end of the 19th century, the family name of a famous German law professor.From 1915 to 1920, he studied composition with Friedrich Klose and Walter Kurvacs at the Munich Academy of Arts, conducting and piano with Berthold Kellermann.He was assistant conductor to Bruno Walter and Hans Busch at the Munich Opera House from 1920 to 1924 and conductor of the Augsburg Opera House from 1924 to 1931.He returned to Munich in 1931 and devoted himself to composing.That year, he broke into the German music world with pan, a tonal poem for soprano and orchestra.Oratorio Joram based on biblical texts;And his concerto grosso.
After the Nazis came to power in 1933, the composer moved to Palestine, where he changed his surname from Frankenberg to Ben-Haim.He accompanied and arranged songs for folk singers, an experience that brought middle Eastern influences to his style of composition.In 1937, he composed a string quartet that combined European and Eastern Mediterranean music, and in 1939, variations on Palestinian music for a chamber trio.In 1941, he wrote a particularly popular quintet, which arguably perfected his initial effort to blend the music of his native country with the European traditions he had embraced.Paul Ben Heim's first symphony was written on the day France was occupied by the Nazis in 1940, and it is an expression of the tragic and tense period in which it was composed.Moreover, Ben-Haim's first symphony was the first true symphony to be written in Palestine.His Second Symphony, written in 1945, harks back to the idyllic Mediterranean vibe of the late 1930s.Both symphonies were first performed by the Palestinian Symphony Orchestra.
Paul Ben Haim is the leader of a group of Palestinian musicians, many of them European immigrants, who developed a fusion of Eastern and Western musical traditions.Isolated during The Second World War, this group, many of whom were fully trained at European conservatory and academies, studied Middle Eastern music and incorporated its melodic and rhythmic features into Western music.Ben-haim developed a method of recording the complex rhythms and melodies of Middle Eastern folk music, which facilitated the integration of these traditions in modern Israel.
In 1953, conductor Sergei Kucevitsky came up with the idea of the King David Festival to mark the 3,000th anniversary of the founding of Jerusalem.Serge Koussevitzky died before all of the festival's commissions were completed, but the Koussetvitsky Foundation commissioned Ben-Haem to complete the Sweet Psalter of Israel, an orchestral work that successfully combined eastern and Western musical elements.He received the Israel National Award in 1957.It was conducted by Leonard Bernstein in New York in 1959 and has been one of Ben-Haim's most revered works ever since.
Paul Ben Haim is director of the Jerusalem Conservatory of Music (1949-1954).He also served as professor of composition at the Conservatory in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem, positions that, in addition to his leadership of the Composers' School of the Eastern Mediterranean, made him an important figure in Israeli musical life.In practice, he had an influence on the development of music education in Israel, and he helped to form the Musicians' Union in his new country.He has been awarded the Tel Aviv Joel Engel Award several times.A car accident in 1972 brought his work to a premature end.He remained active in Israel's musical life until his death in Tel Aviv in 1984 at the age of 86.
Although regarded by some critics as neoclassicism and late Romanticism by others, there was no disagreement about the high professional standards of Paul Ben-Haim's work.Perhaps because of his recognition of the new state of Israel, some critics ascribe his symphonies to the late romantic nationalist tradition, or to ethnic styles that include European composers Sebelius and William Walton.Yet "Sonata for Solo Violin," written for the British violinist Yehudi Menuhin, is a classic piece that combines traditional European classical elements with the bass and Hora rhythms of Middle Eastern music.The elements of Oriental folk music are most evident in his vocal works, and songs and poems are probably his most lyrical works.Three wordless songs, for high pitch and piano, are among his most popular compositions.
Today's videos: 1. Rahaf Shani conducts the Israel Philharmonic in Paul Ben Heim's "Three Songs Without A Word";2. BBC Symphony Orchestra, Paul Ben Heim/Symphony No. 1, Conducted by Omer Wilber;Trifonoff on Paul Ben Heim's "Five Piano Sketches".
     
   
  保罗·本·海姆(Paul Ben-Haim )在全神贯注地作曲。      
  保罗·本·海姆(Paul Ben-Haim),1897年10月1日生于德国慕尼黑(原名保罗·弗兰肯伯格),1984年1月20日在以色列特拉维夫去世。
以色列作曲家和指挥家,以色列艺术音乐的主要创始人之一。1920年,本哈伊姆从慕尼黑音乐学院毕业,担任指挥家、作曲家和钢琴家,之后在慕尼黑歌剧院担任布鲁诺·沃尔特的助理。1924年,他成为奥格斯堡歌剧院的卡皮尔迈斯特。他在德国创作管弦乐、室内乐和抒情歌曲。1933年,本哈伊姆移民到巴勒斯坦,定居在特拉维夫。他在耶路撒冷音乐学院和特拉维夫的音乐教师培训学院致力于作曲和教学。他的著名学生包括作曲家本-锡安·奥加德,Ami Maayani和Noam Sheriff。本哈伊姆为声乐和乐器创作了管弦乐、室内乐和独奏音乐。他开始对现代希伯来诗歌感兴趣,为拜力克、Sh. Shlom、Lea Goldberg和Rahel等著名诗人创作了一系列希伯来抒情诗。从1939年到1955年,他与歌手布拉查·泽菲拉(Bracha Zephira)合作,担任她的钢琴演奏家和传统歌曲编曲人。通过他们的合作,他熟悉了曲调,声乐制作和传统中东音乐的语调,他借用这些特点在自己的作品中使用。通过耶胡迪·梅纽因(Yehudi Menuhin)、梅纳赫姆·普雷斯勒(Menahem Pressler)、伦纳德·伯恩斯坦(Leonard Bernstein)、亚斯查·海菲兹(Jascha Heifetz)、乌兹·威塞尔(Uzi Wiesel)等艺术家的委托和频繁演出,本哈伊姆声名大扬,1945年后不久便成为国际知名人物。
他的作品包括:
弦乐协奏曲格罗索(1931)
·清唱剧约拉姆(1932- 1933)
《钢琴三重奏希伯来旋律变奏曲》(1939年)
·交响乐。第1(1940)和第1号2 (1945)
·为乐团而作的以色列大吹大擂(1950)
小提琴独奏G大调奏鸣曲(1951)
钢琴奏鸣曲(1954)
·首席音乐家(Lam'natzei'ach mizmor)担任管弦乐队(1957)
·巴赫合唱团的交响乐变形(1968年)
本哈伊姆在1957年以管弦乐作品《以色列甜美的赞美诗诗人》(Ne'im Zmirot Israel)获得以色列奖,1941年和1953年获得恩格尔奖。
引用:
·赫什伯格,Yehoash Paul Ben-Haim,他的生活和作品,
耶路撒冷,以色列音乐出版社,1990年
·犹太百科全书,第3卷第2版,美国,2007
·格罗夫在线音乐,牛津大学出版社,2007-2008年
     
  Ben-Haim, Paul, 1897-1984
Paul Ben-HaimPaul Ben-Haim, born 1 October 1897 in Munich, Germany (as Paul Frankenburger), died 20 January 1984, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Israeli composer and conductor, one of the leading founders of Israeli art music. In 1920 Ben-Haim graduated from the Munich Academy of Music as conductor, composer and pianist, and then was assistant to Bruno Walter at the Munich Opera. In 1924 he became Kapellmeister of the Augsburg Opera. He composed in Germany orchestral and chamber works and lieder. In 1933 Ben-Haim immigrated to Palestine and settled in Tel-Aviv. He dedicated himself to composition and to teaching at the Jerusalem Academy of Music and at the Music Teachers Training Collage in Tel-Aviv. His notable students include the composers Ben-Zion Orgad, Ami Maayani and Noam Sheriff. Ben-Haim composed orchestral, chamber and solo music for voice and instruments. He became interested in modern Hebrew poetry, writing a series of Hebrew lieder to poems by prominent poets such as Bialik, Sh. Shlom, Lea Goldberg and Rahel. From 1939 until 1955 he collaborated with the singer Bracha Zephira as pianist and arranger of her traditional songs. Through their partnership he became familiar with the tunes, vocal production and intonations of traditional Middle Eastern music, features he borrowed for use in his own works. Brought to prominence through commissions and frequent performances of his works by artists such as Yehudi Menuhin, Menahem Pressler, Leonard Bernstein, Jascha Heifetz, Uzi Wiesel and others, Ben-Haim became internationally known soon after 1945.
Among his works:
· Concerto Grosso for string orchestra (1931)
· The oratorio Yoram (1932-3)
· Variations on a Hebrew melody for piano trio (1939)
· Symphonies no. 1 (1940) and no. 2 (1945)
· Fanfare to Israel for orchestra (1950)
· Sonata in G for violin solo (1951)
· Piano sonata (1954)
· To the Chief Musician (Lam'natzei'ach mizmor) for orchestra (1957)
· Symphonic Metamorphosis on a Bach Chorale (1968)
Ben-Haim won the Israel Prize in 1957 for the orchestral work The Sweet Psalmist of Israel (Ne'im Zmirot Israel) (1953) and Engel Prize (1941 and 1953).                                         
     
   
  保罗·本·海姆(Paul Ben-Haim )和朋友在交谈      
   Carl Maria von Weber Museum in Dresden
 Das heutige Museum war einstige Wirkungsstätte Carl Maria von Webers. Die Opern „Der Freischütz“, „Euryanthe“ und „Oberon“ sowie die „Aufforderung zum Tanz“ entstanden dort. Notenschriften, Bild- und Textdokumente, zeitgenössisches Mobilar sowie Kunstwerke geben Auskunft über das Schaffen des Komponisten in Dresden.
     
   
  保罗·本·海姆(Paul Ben-Haim )      
  保罗·本·哈伊姆是耶路撒冷音乐学院的院长(1949-1954)。他还在特拉维夫和耶路撒冷的音乐学院担任作曲教授,除了在东地中海作曲家学校的领导之外,这些职位使他成为以色列音乐生活中的重要人物。      
  Paul Ben Haim is director of the Jerusalem Conservatory of Music (1949-1954).He also served as professor of composition at the Conservatory in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem, positions that, in addition to his leadership of the Composers' School of the Eastern Mediterranean, made him an important figure in Israeli musical life.      
 
     
       
  拉哈夫·沙尼(Lahav Shani)      
    2013年在班贝格举行的古斯塔夫·马勒国际指挥比赛中,27岁的以色列指挥家拉哈夫·沙尼获得一等奖,从此开始了他的指挥生涯。从那时起,他迅速确立了自己作为最受关注的年轻指挥天才之一的地位,以他惊人的成熟和自然、本能的乐感给人留下了深刻的印象。
2016年8月,据宣布,沙尼将于2018年9月接替雅尼克·内泽-塞金,成为鹿特丹爱乐乐团的首席指挥,成为该乐团历史上最年轻的首席指挥。在2020/21赛季,沙尼将接替祖宾·梅赫塔(Zubin Mehta)担任以色列爱乐乐团(Israel Philharmonic Orchestra)的音乐总监,并将从2019/20赛季起担任该乐团的指定音乐总监。在2017/18赛季,沙尼成为了维也纳交响乐团的首席客座指挥,自2015年5月首次登台以来,他与该乐团多次亮相,包括2016年1月的一次重要欧洲巡演。
2014年6月,沙尼代替迈克尔·吉伦(Michael Gielen)在柏林首次登台,在柏林歌剧院(Berlin Konzerthaus)和柏林爱乐乐团(Berlin Philharmonie)举办音乐会,引起轰动。他将于2016年12月在柏林国家歌剧院指挥四场《波西米亚人》的演出,并于2017年5月在柏林爱乐乐团指挥管弦乐音乐会。2015年12月沙尼介入,在短时间内,对于一个不舒服的Franz Welser-Moest与维也纳爱乐乐团音乐会在维也纳导演巴赫:从键盘和D小调协奏曲进行马勒1赢得好评的评论家和公众的起立鼓掌。
2016 - 17个赛季以后,沙尼将进行乐团如Symphonieorchester des Bayerischen Rundfunks,德累斯顿Staatskapelle, Tonhalle-Orchester苏黎世Rundfunk-Sinfonieorchester柏林爱乐乐团,鹿特丹爱乐乐团、费城交响乐团,匹兹堡交响乐团、斯德哥尔摩皇家爱乐乐团,法兰克福广播交响乐团、班贝克Symphoniker, Orchestre Philharmonique de无线电法国、荷兰广播爱乐乐团,弗兰德皇家爱乐乐团,哈雷,里昂国家管弦乐团和首尔爱乐乐团。
     
   
  拉哈夫·沙尼(Lahav Shani)      
  Prodigiously gifted 27 year old Israeli conductor Lahav Shani’s conducting career was launched when he won first prize at the 2013 Gustav Mahler International Conducting Competition in Bamberg. Since then he has quickly established himself as one of the most talked about young conducting talents making a huge impression with his astonishing maturity and natural, instinctive musicality.
In August 2016 it was announced that Shani will become Chief Conductor of the Rotterdam Philharmonic Orchestra in September 2018, taking over from Yannick Nézet-Séguin and becoming the youngest chief conductor in the orchestra’s history. In the 2020/21 season, Shani will succeed Zubin Mehta as Music Director of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, and will be the orchestra’s Music Director Designate from 2019/20. In the 2017/18 season, Shani became Principal Guest Conductor of the Vienna Symphony Orchestra, following a number of appearances with the orchestra since his debut in May 2015, including a major European tour in January 2016.
In June 2014 Shani made a sensational debut in Berlin, replacing Michael Gielen, with the Berlin Staatskapelle with concerts at the Berlin Konzerthaus and the Berlin Philharmonie. He returns to conduct the orchestra for four performances of La Bohème in December 2016 at the Berliner Staatsoper and for orchestral concerts in the Berlin Philharmonie in May 2017. In December 2015 Shani stepped in, at short notice, for an indisposed Franz Welser-Moest for concerts with the Vienna Philharmonic in the Musikverein when he directed Bach: Concerto in D minor from the keyboard and conducted Mahler 1 winning high praise from the critics and a standing ovation from the public.
In the 2016-17 season and beyond, Shani will conduct orchestras such as the Symphonieorchester des Bayerischen Rundfunks, Dresden Staatskapelle, Tonhalle-Orchester Zürich, Rundfunk-Sinfonieorchester Berlin, Philharmonia Orchestra, Rotterdam Philharmonic, Philadelphia Orchestra, Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra, Royal Stockholm Philharmonic, Frankfurt Radio Symphony, Bamberger Symphoniker, Orchestre Philharmonique de Radio France, Netherlands Radio Philharmonic, Royal Flemish Philharmonic, The Hallé, Orchestre National de Lyon and Seoul Philharmonic Orchestra.
     
 
     
     
  英国广播公司交响乐团演奏保罗·本·海姆/第一交响曲,欧梅·威尔伯指挥      
   英国广播公司交响乐团
欧梅·威尔伯,指挥家
Yeol Eum Son,钢琴
程序
莫扎特/降B大调第15钢琴协奏曲,K450
保罗·本·海姆/第一交响曲
阿诺德·勋伯格/五支管弦乐(1909年原版)
罗伯特·舒曼/ D小调第四交响曲(1851年修订本)
BBC Philharmonic
Omer Meir Wellber, conductor
Yeol Eum Son, piano
Program
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart / Piano Concerto No. 15 in B flat major, K450
Paul Ben-Haim / Symphony No. 1
Arnold Schoenberg / Five Orchestral Pieces (original version 1909)
Robert Schumann / Symphony No 4 in D minor (revised version, 1851)
     
         
  特里福诺夫演奏保罗·本·海姆《 五首钢琴小品》      
  【特里福诺夫】为恰饭他都弹过什么奇奇怪怪的曲子 Daniil Trifonov - P. Ben-Haim 5 Pieces for Piano Op. 34        
   2011 鲁宾斯坦国际钢琴比赛
 以色列本国作曲家P. Ben-Haim的五首钢琴小品,应该是鲁赛要求的必弹曲目。这孩子为了比赛弹过Shchedrin,甚至还弹过Chick Corea……不容易啊。
     
 
 
 
     
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