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| 本杰明·布里顿（Benjamin Britten 1913-1976） | |||||||||||||||||||||||
布里顿《战争安魂曲》 2013.08.18 萨尔茨堡音乐节 安东尼奥·帕帕诺 |
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音乐历史上的今天
1941年3月30日，布里顿为纪念日本王朝统治2600年而做的《安魂交响曲》，因为其中的基督教情感被拒绝在东京上演，只能移师纽约。
1962年：为了纪念考文垂大教堂的重建，布里顿创作了《战争安魂曲》，并在大教堂中首演，由希瑟·哈珀、彼得·皮尔斯和迪特里希·费舍-迪斯考担任独唱。 |
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| 本杰明·布里顿（Benjamin Britten 1913-1976） | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Today in the
history of music On March 30, 1941, britten's requiemental symphony, which commemorated 2,600 years of dynastic Japanese rule, was rejected for its Christian sensibility in Tokyo and moved to New York. Benjamin Britten (November 22, 1900 -- December 4, 1976) was an English composer, conductor, and pianist.He was born in rostoft, Suffolk, on November 22, 1913 and died in aldeburgh, Suffolk, on December 4, 1976. 1913: britten was born in rostoft on November 22, which was saint Cecilia's day.He was the youngest of four children, the son of a dentist and an enthusiastic amateur singer, and a member of the town's music club, who used to host musical parties at home. Wilfred Owen, a 25-year-old poet, is killed in action a week before the end of the first world war.More than forty years later, britten wrote the war requiem in irving's poetry. 1962: to commemorate the rebuilding of coventry cathedral, britton writes the war requiem, which premiers in the cathedral, with solos by heather Harper, Peter pearce and Dietrich fisher-diskau. 1963: in honor of britton's 50th birthday, Michael tippett dedicates his orchestra concerto to britton.In 1965, in return, britten dedicated his magpie river to tippett to mark his 60th birthday. He studied composition and piano at the royal college of music in London and dropped out after four years to write drama and film music for theatres and studios.In 1939, he lived in the United States and became a conductor and piano player.In his works, he respected the traditions of his own nation, and boldly absorbed and applied the styles and techniques of modernism. Videos of the day: 1. Antonio Papano conducting britten's war requiem at the salzburg festival; 2.Britten's guide to young orchestras (conducted by Rattel). |
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《战争安魂曲》是布里顿的作品中最有名的一首。作于1962年，为第二次世界大战被毁而重建的考文垂大教堂而作，歌词采用英国诗人欧文的诗篇及传统的安魂曲词。 作品20号（Op.20）的《战争安魂曲》是一部交响曲，作于1940年。1940年初，美国有人通过英国文化协会的一个高级文职官员问布里顿是否愿意为某外国王室的一次庆祝大典创作一部交响曲。布里顿说，只要不要求他进行民族主义的宣传，他就没有异议。在着手写作后，他才得知这部交响曲将参加日本皇朝建立二千六百周年的庆祝活动，这当然使布里顿处境很窘迫。这时日本早已悍然发动了侵华战争。 布里顿是一个热烈的和平主义者，他最终选用了“追荐亡人弥撒曲”来作为这部“庆典交响曲”的主题，这样不仅可以表达出他对战争的态度，而且也能激起听众的同感。日本政府居然也接受了这部交响曲的提纲及其题材（此事颇令人感到吃惊），但在完成的手稿送出后不久，就有人转告布里顿某些方面“出了一点问题”。到1940年底，日本政府终于通过驻伦敦的日本大使向英国发出一份愤怒的抗议书，声称英国呈交的是一部根据基督教义和礼拜仪式来污辱日本天皇的作品。既然日本的委托取消了，这部交响曲就没有理由再扣压不演，于是在次年3月29日，由纽约爱乐乐团作了首次公演，指挥是约翰·巴比罗里。从此，这部反战题材的交响作品便流传于世。另一部《战争安魂曲》为作品60号（Op.60），是一首包含独唱、合唱、童声合唱与管弦乐队的大型声乐作品，作于1961年。英国城市考文垂在第二次世界大战期间的1940年11月，遭到法西斯德国空袭，全城几乎毁灭殆尽。 1962年5月，当地的圣米迦勒大教堂举行献堂式时，首次演出了布里顿的《战争安魂曲》。这首宏大的声乐作品和一般的安魂曲有所不同，不仅追思了战争中死去的人们，同时也具有极其鲜明的反战内容。这部作品所用的歌词，除了通常追思弥撒的经文之外，还选用了在第一次世界大战中阵亡的青年诗人威尔弗雷德·欧文诗集中的九篇诗章，这两者互相对比，以强大的艺术感染力深刻地表现出战争的悲惨和严酷。欧文是在1918年11月4日战争结束前一周在法国战场上死去的。布里顿在总谱里封上引用欧文的诗说：“我的主题是战争，以及战争的悲痛。诗人所能作的一切在于提出警告，以唤起世人的戒心。”这两部各具规模的音乐作品，都堪称为作者的代表作。布里顿用他的心声道出了世界人民反对战争、追求和平的愿望，不愧为一位伟大的人道主义者。布里顿的这两部作品，极易在曲名方面引起混淆。因此，通常将注明布里顿的作品20号为《安魂交响曲》，作品60号为《战争安魂曲》。 |
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The war
requiem is the most famous of britten's works.Written in 1962,
coventry cathedral was rebuilt for the destruction of the second
world war. The war requiem, op. 20 (op. 20), is a symphony, written in 1940.In early 1940, britten was asked in the United States, through a senior civil servant at the British council, if he would write a symphony for a celebration of a foreign royal family.Britton says he has no objection as long as he is not required to engage in nationalist propaganda.After embarking on his writing, he found out that the symphony was going to be part of the celebrations marking the 2,600th anniversary of the founding of the Japanese empire, which of course put britten in a tight spot.At this time, Japan had launched a flagrant war of aggression against China. An ardent pacifist, britten eventually chose "the mass of the dead" as the theme of his "symphony of celebration," which not only expressed his attitude to the war, but also aroused the sympathy of the audience.It was surprising that the Japanese government had also accepted the outline of the symphony and its subject matter, but not long after the finished manuscript had been sent, britten was told that something had "gone wrong".By the end of 1940, the Japanese government, through its ambassador in London, had sent an angry protest to Britain, claiming that it had presented a work that insulted the Japanese emperor based on Christianity and liturgy.Now that the Japanese mandate had been canceled, there was no reason why the symphony should not be performed, and on March 29, the next year, it was premiered by the New York Philharmonic orchestra, conducted by John babiloli.Since then, the anti-war theme of the symphony has been handed down to the world.Another war requiem, op. 60, is a large vocal composition of solo, chorus, children's chorus, and orchestra, written in 1961.The British city of coventry was nearly destroyed by fascist German air raids in November 1940 during the second world war. In May 1962, britten's war requiem was first performed at the local st. Michael's cathedral during the dedication.Unlike the usual requiem, this grand vocal work not only remembers the people who died in the war, but also has extremely distinct anti-war content.The lyrics, in addition to the usual verses of the memorial mass, are juxtaposed with nine verses from a collection of poems by Wilfred Owen, a young poet who died in the first world war.Owen died on the French battlefield a week before the war ended on November 4, 1918.Britten quotes Owen's poem on the score: "my theme is war, and the sorrows of war.All the poet can do is to warn, to arouse the vigilance of the world."These two musical works of different scales are both representative works of the author.Britten is a great humanist who speaks out the wishes of the world people against war and for peace.Britten's two works are liable to cause confusion in terms of song titles.For this reason, britten's opus 20 is usually identified as the requiem symphony and opus 60 as the war requiem. |
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简介补充:
作品20号（Op.20）的《战争安魂曲》是一部交响曲，作于1940年。1940年初，美国有人通过英国文化协会的一个高级文职官员问布里顿是否愿意为某外国王室的一次庆祝大典创作一部交响曲。布里顿说，只要不要求他进行民族主义的宣传，他就没有异议。在着手写作后，他才得知这部交响曲将参加日本皇朝建立二千六百周年的庆祝活动，这当然使布里顿处境很窘迫。这时日本早已悍然发动了侵华战争。 布里顿是一个热烈的和平主义者，他最终选用了“追荐亡人弥撒曲”来作为这部“庆典交响曲”的主题，这样不仅可以表达出他对战争的态度，而且也能激起听众的同感。日本政府居然也接受了这部交响曲的提纲及其题材（此事颇令人感到吃惊），但在完成的手稿送出后不久，就有人转告布里顿某些方面“出了一点问题”。到1940年底，日本政府终于通过驻伦敦的日本大使向英国发出一份愤怒的抗议书，声称英国呈交的是一部根据基督教义和礼拜仪式来污辱日本天皇的作品。既然日本的委托取消了，这部交响曲就没有理由再扣压不演，于是在次年3月29日，由纽约爱乐乐团作了首次公演，指挥是约翰·巴比罗里。从此，这部反战题材的交响作品便流传于世。另一部《战争安魂曲》为作品60号（Op.60），是一首包含独唱、合唱、童声合唱与管弦乐队的大型声乐作品，作于1961年。英国城市考文垂在第二次世界大战期间的1940年11月，遭到法西斯德国空袭，全城几乎毁灭殆尽。 1962年5月，当地的圣米迦勒大教堂举行献堂式时，首次演出了布里顿的《战争安魂曲》。这首宏大的声乐作品和一般的安魂曲有所不同，不仅追思了战争中死去的人们，同时也具有极其鲜明的反战内容。这部作品所用的歌词，除了通常追思弥撒的经文之外，还选用了在第一次世界大战中阵亡的青年诗人威尔弗雷德·欧文诗集中的九篇诗章，这两者互相对比，以强大的艺术感染力深刻地表现出战争的悲惨和严酷。欧文是在1918年11月4日战争结束前一周在法国战场上死去的。布里顿在总谱里封上引用欧文的诗说：“我的主题是战争，以及战争的悲痛。诗人所能作的一切在于提出警告，以唤起世人的戒心。”这两部各具规模的音乐作品，都堪称为作者的代表作。布里顿用他的心声道出了世界人民反对战争、追求和平的愿望，不愧为一位伟大的人道主义者。布里顿的这两部作品，极易在曲名方面引起混淆。因此，通常将注明布里顿的作品20号为《安魂交响曲》，作品60号为《战争安魂曲》。 |
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Intro: the
war requiem in op. 20 (op. 20) is a symphony, written in 1940.In
early 1940, britten was asked in the United States, through a
senior civil servant at the British council, if he would write a
symphony for a celebration of a foreign royal family.Britton
says he has no objection as long as he is not required to engage
in nationalist propaganda.After embarking on his writing, he
found out that the symphony was going to be part of the
celebrations marking the 2,600th anniversary of the founding of
the Japanese empire, which of course put britten in a tight
spot.At this time, Japan had launched a flagrant war of
aggression against China. An ardent pacifist, britten eventually chose "the mass of the dead" as the theme of his "symphony of celebration," which not only expressed his attitude to the war, but also aroused the sympathy of the audience.It was surprising that the Japanese government had also accepted the outline of the symphony and its subject matter, but not long after the finished manuscript had been sent, britten was told that something had "gone wrong".By the end of 1940, the Japanese government, through its ambassador in London, had sent an angry protest to Britain, claiming that it had presented a work that insulted the Japanese emperor based on Christianity and liturgy.Now that the Japanese mandate had been canceled, there was no reason why the symphony should not be performed, and on March 29, the next year, it was premiered by the New York Philharmonic orchestra, conducted by John babiloli.Since then, the anti-war theme of the symphony has been handed down to the world.Another war requiem, op. 60, is a large vocal composition of solo, chorus, children's chorus, and orchestra, written in 1961.The British city of coventry was nearly destroyed by fascist German air raids in November 1940 during the second world war. In May 1962, britten's war requiem was first performed at the local st. Michael's cathedral during the dedication.Unlike the usual requiem, this grand vocal work not only remembers the people who died in the war, but also has extremely distinct anti-war content.The lyrics, in addition to the usual verses of the memorial mass, are juxtaposed with nine verses from a collection of poems by Wilfred Owen, a young poet who died in the first world war.Owen died on the French battlefield a week before the war ended on November 4, 1918.Britten quotes Owen's poem on the score: "my theme is war, and the sorrows of war.All the poet can do is to warn, to arouse the vigilance of the world."These two musical works of different scales are both representative works of the author.Britten is a great humanist who speaks out the wishes of the world people against war and for peace.Britten's two works are liable to cause confusion in terms of song titles.For this reason, britten's opus 20 is usually identified as the requiem symphony and opus 60 as the war requiem. |
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| 安东尼奥·帕帕诺() | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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安东尼奥·帕帕诺爵士是一位英裔意大利指挥家和钢琴家。自2002年以来，他一直担任皇家歌剧院的音乐总监。2015年，他获得了皇家爱乐协会颁发的金奖。 ·安东尼奥·帕帕诺自2002年起担任皇家歌剧院音乐总监。在他的任期内，他主持了大量的剧目，包括莫扎特、威尔第、瓦格纳、普契尼、理查德·施特劳斯、拉威尔、伯格、肖斯塔科维奇和布里顿的作品，以及伯特威斯尔的《人身牛头怪》(2008年)和图纳奇的《安娜·尼科尔》(2011年)的世界首演，以及皇家芭蕾舞团的作品。 。 |
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Sir
Antonio Pappano is an English-Italian conductor and pianist. He
has been music director of the Royal Opera House since 2002. In
2015 he received a Gold Medal from the Royal Philharmonic
Society. Apr 18, 2018 · Antonio Pappano is Music Director of The Royal Opera, a position he has held since 2002. During his tenure he has conducted an extensive repertory, including works by Mozart, Verdi, Wagner, Puccini, Richard Strauss, Ravel, Berg, Shostakovich and Britten, as well as the world premieres of Birtwistle’s The Minotaur (2008) and Turnage’s Anna Nicole (2011), and works for The Royal Ballet. |
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布里顿：青少年管弦乐队指南（西蒙·拉特尔指挥） |
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| 《青少年管弦乐队指南》是为向不了解管弦乐队的人介绍各乐器音色特征而编写的一首管弦乐曲，作者本杰明·布里顿（Benjamin Britten, 1913-1976）。乐曲的主题选自英国作曲家亨利·珀塞尔为戏剧《摩尔人的复仇》所作的配乐中一段活泼轻快的舞曲，并以此主题作了一系列变奏，向年轻听众一件一件地介绍了管弦乐队中的各种乐器。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Violin The "guide to the young orchestra" by Benjamin Britten (1913-1976) is an orchestral composition designed to introduce the timbre of various instruments to those who do not know the orchestra.The theme of the piece is a lively dance passage from the score of English composer Henry Purcell's play the revenge of the moors, and a series of variations on the theme introduce the various instruments of the orchestra to the young audience one by one. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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