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| “瑞典夜莺”珍妮·林德（Jenny，Lind 1820-1887） | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 电影《马戏之王》贝利卡·弗格森还原“瑞典夜莺”珍妮·林德神韵 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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音乐历史上的今天
1850年的1月9日，“瑞典夜莺”珍妮·林德（Jenny，Lind
）因为宗教原因宣布退出了歌剧舞台, 随即与马戏团经纪人斐尼斯·T·巴纳姆（Phiness
Taylor Barnum)签订了一份六位数报酬的美国巡回演出合同。 今天我们能听到帕瓦罗蒂和卡拉斯等人的美妙歌声， 完全得益飞速发展的科学技术，我们感谢上帝赐给我们食物、还要感谢上帝赐给人类新科技，否则我们只能会入得宝山空手而归了。在珍妮·林德事业辉煌的19世纪中叶还没有录音录像技术，所以今天总算找到了《马戏之王》贝利卡·弗格森还原“瑞典夜莺”的视频，这个视频中贝利卡的天籁般的音色完全替代我心中的遗憾了。 今天视频：电影《马戏之王》贝利卡·弗格森还原“瑞典夜莺”珍妮·林德神韵 。 |
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Johanna Maria "Jenny" Lind was a Swedish opera singer, often called the
"Swedish Nightingale". One of the most highly regarded singers of the
19th century, she performed in soprano roles in opera in Sweden and
across Europe, and undertook an extraordinarily popular concert tour of
the United States beginning in 1850. She was a member of the Royal
Swedish Academy of Music from 1840. Lind became famous after her performance in Der Freischütz in Sweden in 1838. Within a few years, she had suffered vocal damage, but the singing teacher Manuel García saved her voice. She was in great demand in opera roles throughout Sweden and northern Europe during the 1840s, and was closely associated with Felix Mendelssohn. After two acclaimed seasons in London, she announced her retirement from opera at the age of 29. In 1850, Lind went to America at the invitation of the showman P. T. Barnum. She gave 93 large-scale concerts for him and then continued to tour under her own management. She earned more than $350,000 from these concerts, donating the proceeds to charities, principally the endowment of free schools in Sweden. With her new husband, Otto Goldschmidt, she returned to Europe in 1852 where she had three children and gave occasional concerts over the next two decades, settling in England in 1855. From 1882, for some years, she was a professor of singing at the Royal College of Music in London. Today we can hear the wonderful songs of pavarotti and callas and others, fully benefiting from the rapid development of science and technology, we thank god for the food, but also thank god for the human new technology, otherwise we would only enter the treasure mountain and go home empty-handed.In the middle of the 19th century, when Jenny lind's career was in its glory, there was no sound recording technology, so today I finally found a video of belica ferguson's "Swedish nightingale" in the king of the circus, in which belica's natural voice completely replaced my regret. |
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| 珍妮·林德（Jenny，Lind ） | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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著名女高音珍妮·林德才华横溢，意志坚定。1850年，当她到达美国后，获得了相当高的知名度，她的推广者是最伟大的广告家P.T.巴纳姆。 为了急于摆脱“穿插秀和滑稽小品推广大师”的名声，巴纳姆冒险将他的全部钱财赌在这位被他叫做“瑞典夜莺”的歌唱家身上，而这位“夜莺”他还闻所未闻呢。这次他必须让他的赌注捞回来。当林德到达纽约后，她的“粉丝”将她围个水泄不通。当她午夜到达旅馆时，有3万人聚集在那里，以求一睹芳容。午夜1点时， 700人的消防队引来了一支由170人组成的乐队，他们特意来给她献情歌。 林德的美国首场演出票源紧俏，紧俏到需要举办拍卖会的程度。第一张票被一名叫格林的帽子制造商以225美元的价格纳入囊中，他也因此出了几天名。音乐会时，7000名观众尖叫着挤入城堡公园。 林德赚了1万美元，她把这笔钱全部捐给了纽约的慈善机构。她在费城、华盛顿、里奇蒙德、查理斯顿和巴尔第摩复制着她的辉煌。 在巴尔第摩发生的事情可能使林德意识到事态发展得有些失控。当时她在她下榻旅馆的阳台上，她向楼下的观众们鞠躬时，披巾掉了下去。观众没有将披巾还给她，为了抢到披巾他们大打出手，结果披巾被撕成了碎片，碎片被装进了观众的腰包留作纪念品。不久，琳德不惜以损失3万美元的代价终止了和巴纳姆签订的合同，结束了她的美国巡演。过了好几年， 林德才重登舞台。 至于P.T.巴纳姆，他开始了新的职业生涯——政治。显然，在这个领域他如鱼得水。 |
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The famed soprano Jenny Lind had plenty of talent
and determination. And when she came to America in
1850 she had more than enough publicity. Her
promoter was the biggest showman of them all—P.T.
Barnum. Eager to rise above his reputation as a promoter of sideshows and freaks, Barnum had risked his entire fortune on the singer that he dubbed the Swedish Nightingale—a singer whom he had never heard or seen. He saw to it that the risk paid off. When she arrived in New York, her admirers mobbed Jenny Lind. By midnight, when she arrived at her hotel, a crowd of 30,000 had gathered just to get a look at her. At one o'clock, a fire brigade 700 strong ushered in a band of 130 musicians who came to serenade her. Tickets for her first American concert were in such demand that they were auctioned off. The first ticket went to a hat maker named Genin who paid ＄225 for it and got several days' worth of fame in the bargain . At the concert 7000 shouting people crammed into Castle Garden to hear Jenny Lind sing. She received ＄10,000—all of which she gave to New York charities. She repeated her success in Philadelphia, Washington, Richmond, Charleston, and Baltimore. In Baltimore something happened that may have made Jenny Lind decide that things had gotten out of hand. She was on the balcony of her hotel, bowing to the masses below when her shawl fell. Instead of returning it, the crowd fought over the shawl, tearing it to shreds and pocketing the pieces as souvenirs. Soon afterward she backed out of her contract with Barnum—at a cost of ＄30,000—and completed her American tour. Several years passed before she returned to the concert stage. As for P.T. Barnum, he went into a profession for which he may have been supremely well qualified—politics. |
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成名原因:巴纳姆被称为“最伟大的表演家”，他最令人难忘的成就是创建了从1871年到2017年的巡回巴纳姆和贝利马戏团，并在他的观众中传播各种恶作剧。“每一分钟都有笨蛋出生”这句话是他说的，尽管这句话并不能证明是他杜撰的。 巴纳姆在1841年买下巴纳姆的美国博物馆后，负责管理这座博物馆。在这里，他制造了几个精心设计的恶作剧，包括斐济美人鱼的恶作剧，并聘请了著名的矮人将军汤姆拇指。当他与詹姆斯•贝利(James Bailey)一起创办巴纳姆与贝利马戏团(Barnum & Bailey Circus)时，他以创新的方式吸引顾客参观他的展览，被誉为“广告界的莎士比亚”，尽管他经常被指责做虚假广告。 在他职业生涯的后半段，他还担任过政治家，于19世纪60年代在康涅狄格州立法机关任职，并于1875年至1876年担任布里奇波特市长。2017年，澳大利亚演员休·杰克曼在电影《the Greatest Showman》中饰演巴纳姆。这部电影的原声带是2018年美国最畅销的专辑。 |
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Why Famous: Known as 'The Greatest Showman,'
Barnum is best remembered for founding the traveling
Barnum & Bailey Circus which ran from 1871 until
2017, and for promoting various hoaxes on his
audiences. He is credited with the saying "there's a
sucker born every minute," though it cannot be
proven he coined this. Barnum ran the Barnum's American Museum after purchasing it in 1841. Here he produced several elaborate hoaxes, including the Fiji mermaid hoax, and employed the famous dwarf General Tom Thumb. When he started the Barnum & Bailey Circus with James Bailey he became known as the "Shakespeare of Advertising" for his innovative ways getting patrons to see his exhibits, though he was often accused of false advertising. In the latter part of his career he also served as a politician, serving in the Connecticut legislature in the 1860s and as the mayor of Bridgeport from 1875 to 1876. In 2017 Australian actor Hugh Jackman played Barnum in the film The Greatest Showman. The soundtrack to the film was the best-selling album of 2018 in the United States. |
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